Coke plant and coal gasification wastewater have similar characteristics. There are high concentrations of ammonia and organic compounds especially refractory and inhibitory organics in them. Coal is the main energy resource in China hence pollution caused by coke plant and coat gasification wastewater has been severe for decades. The anaerobic-anoxic-oxic (A1-A2-O) fixed biofilm system was used for coke plant wastewater treatment in this study. The experimental results showed that this systemwas efficient and stable in NH3-N and COD reductions. The effluent NH3-H and COD were 3.1, 114mg/l with removal efficiencies of 98.8 and 92.4%, respectively, when the total HRT of the whole system was 31.6 hours. Microorganisms were enumerated and organictransformation in the system was analyzed by GC/MS equipment. Batch tests were also conducted and it was found that anaerobic treatment of coke plant wastewater differed from anoxic treatment. Biodegradable phenolics were removed at lower feeiciencies while complicated and high molecular weight organics were removde at higher effiat lower effciencies by anaerobictreatment in comparison with anoxic treatment. The biodegradability of anaerobic effluent was higher than that of anoxic effluent.

A quinoline-biodegrading microorganism was isolated from activated sludge of coke-wven wastewater treatment plant using quinoline as sole carbon and nitrogen source. It is a gram negative, rod-shaped and aerobic strain, which was identified as Burkholderia pickettii, The biodegradation of quinoline was carried out with this isolated strin. Analysis by high performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrum (GC/MG) revealed that 2-hydroxyquinoline (2-OH-Q) was the first intermediate in the course of quinoline biodegradation, A novel immlbilization carrier, that is, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-gauze hybrid carrier, was developed. The isolated strain was immobilized by tow different immobilizing techniques and used for the quinoline degradation, It was found that biodegradation rate of quinoline by the microorganisms immobilized on PVA-gauze hybrid carrier was faster than that by the microorganisms immobilized in PVA gel beads. Kinetics of quinoline biodegradation by cells of Burkholderia pickettii immobilized on PVA-gauze hybrid carrier was investigated. The results demonstrate that quinoline degradation could be described by zero-order reaction rate equation when the initial quinoline concentration was in the range of 50-500mg1-1.

Three dye solutions, namely, C.I. Acid Yellow 17, C.I. Basic Blue 3, and C.I. Basic Red 2, were treated in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor followed by a semi-removal was observed in the aerobic stage. In the anaerobic stage, Acid Yellow 17, Basic Blue 3, and Basic Red 2 were removed by 20%, 72%, and 78%, respectively. To treat wastewater from a dye manufacturing factory with COD concentration of 1200mg/l and Color of 500 degree (dilution factor), an UASB reactor (4.5 liters) and an activated sludge tank (5 liters, adjustable), COD and color were removed by more than 83% and 90% at a COD loading rate of 5.6kg COD/m3-day in the anaerobic stage, and at the hydraulic retention time 6-10 giyrs fir tge abaerivuc stage abd 6.5 for the aerobic stage. The anaerobic stage of the A/O system removes both color and COD. In addition, it also improves biodegradability of dyes for further aerobic tratment.

Two Sequencing Batch Reactors (SBR) systems, namely, the 'anaerobic-aerobic' alternative system denoted by System 1 and the 'anaerobic+aerobic' tandem system (denoted by System 2), applied to treating Reactive Turquoise Blue (RTB)contained synthetic wastewater were systematically investigated. The performance of each system in COD and RTB removal was traced throughout the experiment, The discrepancies of the two systems in RTB removal were compared and the reason for these discrepancies was explored, The results showed that both systems had high adaptability and sound stability, and could remove pollutants efficiently. As far as RTB removal, the anaerobic phase of System 1 was more efficent than of System 2, and the aerobic phase of System 1, These discrepancies between the two systems were explained by their different bio-face compositions. which was verified by examining the bio-faces,

本文是本系列的第二部分，在对世界范围及中国推行清洁生产局势进行判断的基础上，归纳了国际推行清洁生产的成功做法和发展趋势，指出了我国今后5～10年内的工作重点并提出政策建议。