南川大树茶红茶QDA分析条件优化与风味轮建立
首发时间:2023-02-15
摘要:南川茶(Camellia nanchuanica)是重庆市特有地方茶树品种,制得的红茶香气浓郁持久,滋味高雅醇甜。为全面系统研究南川大树茶红茶的感官品质特点,招募并利用PanelCheck软件遴选了9位具高区分性、稳定性和一致性评价能力的审评员,组成感官评价小组。本实验搜集了30个南川大树茶红茶,确定了主要感官属性10个(香气整体、甜香、烘烤香、滋味整体、酸、甜、苦、鲜、涩和总体接受度),经主成分和方差分析表明此感官属性可有效区分样品感官差异,并构建了由主要感官属性定义、参照物、参照标度组成的感官特征语言库;采用定量描述分析(QDA)方法,评价冲泡时间、冲泡温度和水茶比对甜香、甜味及稳定性的影响;基于TOPSIS分析得到的南川大树茶红茶最佳冲泡条件(冲泡温度为80 ℃,冲泡时间为5 min,水茶比为20 mL/g),收集茶汤香气和滋味特征的描述词,并建立了风味轮,得出南川大树茶红茶整体风味特征为甜香浓郁、香气醇厚,具有丰富的花果香、植物香、烘烤香和发酵香,口味协调,余味悠长。
关键词: 南川大树茶 红茶 感官审评 定量描述分析(QDA) 响应面优化 风味轮
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Optimization of QDA analysis conditions and flavor wheel development for Camellia nanchuanica black tea
Abstract:Camellia nanchuanica is a local tea tree species unique in Chongqing, China, and the black tea made from it has a rich and long-lasting aroma and a mellow and sweet taste. To comprehensively and systematically research the sensory quality characteristics of Camellia nanchuanica black tea, a 9-member sensory panel was recruited and selected using PanelCheck software to form a sensory evaluation team with high differentiation, stability and consistency evaluation capabilities. In this study, 30 Camellia nanchuanica black teas were collected and 10 main sensory attributes were identified, including overall aroma, sweetness (aroma), roasted, overall flavor, sour, sweetness, bitter, umami, astringency, overall acceptance. Principal components and ANOVA showed that these sensory attributes could be used to distinguish the sensory differences in the samples. Then a sensory feature language library consisting of definitions of the main sensory attributes, referents, and reference scales was developed. The quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) method was used to evaluate the effects of three factors, different brewing times, different brewing temperatures and different water-tea ratios, on the sweetness (aroma), sweetness and stability of the panel. Finally, TOPSIS (Technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution) was performed to determine optimum (brewing temperature 80 ℃, brewing time 5.00 min and water-tea ratio 20 mL/g) brewing conditions and aggregated to develop a Camellia nanchuanica black tea flavor wheel. According to the flavor wheel the flavor of Camellia nanchuanica black tea is characterized by sweet and mellow aroma, with a rich variety of floral and fruit, plant, roasted and fermented aromas, harmonious taste and a long finish.
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南川大树茶红茶QDA分析条件优化与风味轮建立
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