基于功效系数法的新能源汽车企业财务风险预警研究
首发时间:2022-08-05
摘要:新能源汽车企业具有资金密集、技术密集和过度依赖政府补助等特点,财务风险高于传统汽车企业,因此有必要构建科学的财务风险预警模型来评估财务风险并发出预警。本文基于因子分析法、序关系分析法和功效系数法构建了新能源汽车企业财务风险预警模型,选取40家新能源汽车上市公司2016-2020年的财务数据进行研究。结果表明,新能源汽车上市公司整体的财务风险处于中警区间,处于巨警、重警、中警、轻警的企业分别有3家、5家、23家和9家。财务风险水平最高的企业是ST猛狮,主要原因是存货、应收账款周转慢,资产负债率高且经营活动产生的现金流难以弥补到期债务。财务风险最低的企业是快克股份,该企业成本费用利用率、资产现金回收率高,盈利风险较低。最后,对所构建的模型可靠性进行检验,模型的预警结果与成熟的Z-score模型的预警结果并无显著差异,同时计算出的非ST公司风险水平要普遍高于ST公司,说明所构建的模型可靠性较强。?????
关键词: 新能源汽车企业 财务风险预警 因子分析法 序关系分析法 功效系数法
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Financial Risk Early Warning of New Energy Vehicle Enterprises Based on ECM
Abstract:New energy automobile enterprises have the characteristics of capital intensive, technology intensive and over reliance on government subsidies. The financial risk is higher than that of traditional automobile enterprises. Therefore, it is necessary to build a scientific financial risk early warning model to evaluate the financial risk and give early warning. Based on the factor analysis method, order relationship analysis method and efficiency coefficient method, this paper constructs a new energy vehicle enterprise financial risk early warning model, and selects the financial data of 40 new energy vehicle listed companies from 2016 to 2020 for research. The result shows that the overall financial risk of listed companies of new energy vehicles is in the middle alarm range, and there are 3, 5, 23 and 9 enterprises in the big alarm, heavy alarm, middle alarm and light alarm respectively. The enterprise with the highest financial risk level is ST Lion, which is mainly due to the slow turnover of inventory and accounts receivable, the high asset liability ratio and the difficulty of cash flow from operating activities to make up for matured debts. The enterprise with the lowest financial risk is Kuaike , which has high cost utilization rate, high asset cash recovery rate and low profit risk. Finally, the reliability of the constructed model is tested. The early warning results of the model are not significantly different from those of the mature Z-score Model. At the same time, the calculated risk level of non ST companies is generally higher than that of ST companies, indicating that the reliability of the constructed model is strong.
Keywords: new energy automobile enterprises financial risk early warning factor analysis order relation analysis efficiency coefficient method
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基于功效系数法的新能源汽车企业财务风险预警研究
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