热致变色自适应辐射冷却涂层的制备及性能研究
首发时间:2022-04-18
摘要:辐射冷却是一种不消耗能量且可持续冷却物体的方法,但是在寒冷的冬天,强烈的制冷效果反而会增加供暖的能耗,不利于节能环保。为此,本文设计并制备了一种温度自适应辐射冷却涂层(TARCC, PM/TMHC),由基于光谱选择性多孔聚合物薄膜(PM)的辐射冷却底层和基于热致变色微胶囊复合涂层(TMHC)的热致变色面层组成,面层颜色可随环境温度而改变,进而自主调控涂层的太阳光反射率。结果表明,温度自适应辐射冷却涂层在高温时,面层变为透明,整体太阳光反射率为91.25 %,在低温时,面层呈现玫红色,吸收部分可见光,可将太阳反射率降为72.71 %。夏季,将PM/TMHC暴露在900 W/m2的阳光直射下,涂层背面温度比传统彩色涂层低7.1 ℃,也低于自适应商用隔热涂料(CC/TMHC)及白色商用隔热涂料(CC);冬季,太阳光功率密度降至500 W/m2以下, PM/TMHC保持玫红色,其背面温度可比PM高6 ℃,实现冬暖夏凉。并且,通过使用光稳定剂显著提高了产品的抗光疲劳性。以上工作为智能建筑涂料这一极具发展前景的领域开辟了新途径。
关键词: 高分子化学与物理 温度自适应 辐射冷却涂层 多孔聚合物薄膜 热致变色。
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Preparation and properties of thermochromic temperature-adaptive radiative cooling coatings
Abstract:Radiative cooling is a method of sustainable cooling without energy consumption, but the strong cooling effect will increase energy consumption of heating in cold winter, which is not conducive to energy saving and environmental protection. Therefore, a temperature-adaptive radiative cooling coating (TARCC, PM/TMHC) which consists of a radiative cooling underlayer based on a spectral selectivity porous polymer membrane (PM) and a thermochromic top layer based on thermochromic microcapsules hybrid coating (TMHC) was designed and fabricated in this paper. The color of the TMHC can be changed with the ambient temperature, and then the solar reflectance of the coating can be adjusted independently. The results show that the TMHC becomes transparent at high temperature, and the overall solar reflectance of PM/TMHC is 91.25 %, while the TMHC becomes rose red at low temperature and absorbs part of visible light, which can reduce the solar reflectance of PM/TMC to 72.71 %. In summer, when PM/TMHC is exposed to direct sunlight with an intensity of 900 W/m2, the backside temperature of the coating is 7.1 C lower than that of traditional colored coatings, and also lower than that of TARCC (CC/TMHC) with commercial white thermal insulation coatings (CC); in winter, when the solar intensity drops below 500 W/m2, the PM/TMHC keeps rose red and the backside temperature of it can be 6 C higher than that of the PM, achieving warm in winter and cool in summer. Moreover, the light fatigue resistance of the coating was significantly improved by using light stabilizer. The above work opened up a new way for intelligent building coatings, which has great development prospects.
Keywords: chemistry and physics of polymers radiative cooling coatings porous polymer membrane thermochromic
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热致变色自适应辐射冷却涂层的制备及性能研究
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